Terminology Service for NFDI4Health
All terms in NCIT
| Label | Id | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Gemcitabine Hydrochloride Emulsion | NCIT_C105613 | [An orally available nanoparticle-based formulation containing the hydrochloride salt form of gemcitabine, a broad-spectrum antimetabolite and deoxycytidine analogue, with antineoplastic activity. The formulation consists of an oil-in-water emulsion in which gemicitabine is solubilized in the excipient matrix containing a mixture of oil and (co)surfactants. Upon oral administration, gemcitabine is converted into the active metabolites difluorodeoxycytidine diphosphate (dFdCDP) and difluorodeoxycytidine triphosphate (dFdCTP) by deoxycytidine kinase. dFdCTP competes with deoxycytidine triphosphate (dCTP) and is incorporated into DNA, resulting in premature termination of DNA replication and the induction of apoptosis. Further, dFdCDP inhibits ribonucleotide reductase and reduces the deoxynucleotide pool available for DNA synthesis. Compared to gemcitabine alone, the emulsion allows for increased oral bioavailability and decreases its susceptibility to deamination and deactivation by cytidine deaminase.] |
| Ribonucleotide Reductase | NCIT_C17101 | [Ribonucleotide Reductase is a heterodimeric cytoplasmic enzyme essential in dividing cells that reduces ribonucleotides to deoxyribonucleotide precursors for DNA synthesis in S phase. It consists of two subunits, M1 Chain and M2 Chain. Complex allosteric control, mediated by deoxynucleoside triphosphates, and by ATP bound to the M1 subunit prevents DNA replication and cell proliferation. A substrate specificity site and a catalytic activity site regulate enzyme activity. A substrate-binding catalytic site on M1 is only formed in the presence of M2. Enzyme activity closely correlates with the cellular rate of growth and appears to vary with the cell cycle. (NCI)] |
| Autologous CD19CAR-CD28-CD3zeta-EGFRt-expressing Tcm-enriched T Cells | NCIT_C105614 | [A preparation of genetically modified autologous central memory (Tcm) enriched T-cells transduced with a replication incompetent lentiviral vector expressing a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR), containing a CD28 signaling domain fused to both CD3 zeta, which targets the CD19 antigen, and a truncated form of the human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFRt), with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intravenous administration, autologous CD19CAR-CD28-CD3zeta-EGFRt-expressing Tcm-enriched T cells are directed to CD19-expressing tumor cells, thereby inducing a selective toxicity in CD19-expressing tumor cells. CD19 antigen is a B-cell specific cell surface antigen expressed in all B-cell lineage malignancies. Devoid of both ligand binding domains and tyrosine kinase activity, EGFRt both facilitates in vivo detection of the administered T-cells and can promote elimination of those cells upon a cetuximab-induced antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity response. The costimulatory signaling domain enhances proliferation of T cells and antitumor activity.] |
| ALK Inhibitor RO5424802 | NCIT_C105615 | [An orally available inhibitor of the receptor tyrosine kinase anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) with antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, ALK inhibitor RO5424802 binds to and inhibits ALK kinase, which leads to a disruption of ALK-mediated signaling and eventually inhibits tumor cell growth in ALK-overexpressing tumor cells. ALK belongs to the insulin receptor superfamily and plays an important role in nervous system development. ALK dysregulation and gene rearrangements are associated with a series of tumors. Additionally, ALK mutations are associated with acquired resistance to small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors.] |
| Astragalus-based Formulation Qing Shu Yi Qi Tang | NCIT_C105616 | [An herbal remedy containing Astragalus membranaceus, Panax ginseng, Atractylodes chinensis Koidz, Cimicifuga foetida, A. macrocephala Koidz, Alisma orientale Juzep, and Citrus reticulata Blanco, with potential immunomodulating, anti-oxidant and anticachexia activities. Upon oral consumption, the ingredients in this herbal supplement may modulate the activity of the immune system through a decrease in both the expression of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) and the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1beta (Il-1b), IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha). Increased levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines are correlated with decreased appetite and weight loss; thus, this herbal remedy may improve immune function, appetite and weight gain, which could prevent cachexia.] |
| Magnesium Isoglycyrrhizinate | NCIT_C105617 | [The magnesium salt form of the saponin, isoglycyrrhizinate, a derivative of glycyrrhizic acid extracted from the roots of the plant Glycyrrhiza glabra, with potential anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities. Although the exact mechanism of action remains to be fully elucidated, magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate may prevent or reduce hepatotoxicity through the scavenging of free radicals. This agent also modulates the activity of hepatic enzymes such as alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase.] |
| Therapeutic Hepatitis C Immune Globulin | NCIT_C105618 | [A human plasma-derived, polyclonal, intravenous immunoglobulin G (IgG) formulation containing high levels of antibodies against hepatitis C virus (HCV), a small, enveloped, single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the Flaviviridae family, with potential immunomodulating and antiviral activities. The hepatitis C IgG is isolated from donors expressing high amounts of HCV antibodies. Upon intravenous administration, the anti-HCV antibodies bind to the virus and provide passive immunization against HCV. This may prevent both infection by HCV in immunocompromised patients and hepatitis C-related liver disease. The polyclonal anti-HCV antibodies are able to target various viral epitopes.] |
| As Bad as You Can Imagine | NCIT_C105619 | [A response indicating a situation is as bad as can be imagined.] |
| VPS18 wt Allele | NCIT_C105600 | [Human VPS18 wild-type allele is located within 15q14-q15 and is approximately 10 kb in length. This allele, which encodes vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 18, plays a role in the segregation of intracellular molecules into distinct organelles.] |
| VPS18 Gene | NCIT_C105599 | [This gene is involved in intracellular trafficking.] |
| Vacuolar Protein Sorting-Associated Protein 18 | NCIT_C105601 | [Vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 18 (973 aa, ~110 kDa) is encoded by the human VPS18 gene. This protein is involved in vesicle-mediated protein trafficking.] |
| WNK1 Gene | NCIT_C105602 | [This gene plays a role in regulation of electrolyte homeostasis.] |
| WNK1 wt Allele | NCIT_C105603 | [Human WNK1 wild-type allele is located in the vicinity of 12p13.3 and is approximately 159 kb in length. This allele, which encodes serine/threonine-protein kinase WNK1 protein, is involved in regulation of blood pressure by controlling the transport of both sodium and chloride ions. Mutations in this gene are associated with both pseudohypoaldosteronism type II and hereditary sensory neuropathy type II.] |
| Serine/Threonine-Protein Kinase WNK1 | NCIT_C105604 | [Serine/threonine-protein kinase WNK1 (2382 aa, ~251 kDa) is encoded by the human WNK1 gene. This protein plays a role in controling sodium and chloride ion transport.] |
| ZEB1 Gene | NCIT_C105605 | [This gene is involved in the transcriptional repression of interleukin 2.] |
| ZEB1 wt Allele | NCIT_C105606 | [Human ZEB1 wild-type allele is located in the vicinity of 10p11.2 and is approximately 214 kb in length. This allele, which encodes zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 1 protein, plays a role in the transcriptional repression of interleukin-2 gene expression. Mutations in this gene are associated with both posterior polymorphous corneal dystrophy-3 and late-onset Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy.] |
| Zinc Finger E-Box-Binding Homeobox 1 | NCIT_C105607 | [Zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 1 (1124 aa, ~124 kDa) is encoded by the human ZEB1 gene. This protein is involved in both the transcriptional repression of interleukin 2 and the positive regulation of neuronal differentiation.] |
| ZMYND8 Gene | NCIT_C105608 | [This gene plays a role in protein kinase C function.] |
| ZMYND8 wt Allele | NCIT_C105609 | [Human ZMYND8 wild-type allele is located in the vicinity of 20q13.12 and is approximately 148 kb in length. This allele, which encodes protein kinase C-binding protein 1, is involved in the function of protein kinase C. The encoded protein is also a cutaneous T-cell lymphoma-associated antigen.] |
| Colonic Diverticulosis | NCIT_C34551 | [Diverticulosis of the colon.] |