Terminology Service < Semantic Lookup Platform

All terms in NCIT

Label	Id	Description
Phenylephrine Hydrochloride	NCIT_C29363	[The hydrochloride salt form of phenylephrine, a direct-acting sympathomimetic amine chemically related to adrenaline and ephedrine with potent vasoconstrictor property. Phenylephrine is a post-synaptic alpha-adrenergic receptor agonist that causes vasoconstriction, increases systolic/diastolic pressures, reflex bradycardia, and stroke output.]
AGR2 wt Allele	NCIT_C54320	[Human AGR2 wild-type allele is located in the vicinity of 7p21.3 and is approximately 13 kb in length. This allele, which encodes anterior gradient protein 2 homolog protein, plays a role in the regulation of receptor adhesion and functioning. Overexpression of the AGR2 gene is associated with certain types of cancer such as breast and prostate cancer.]
AGR2 Gene	NCIT_C20755	[This gene is involved in differentiation. It also plays a putative role in tumor metastasis.]
Phenylpropanolamine	NCIT_C29364	[An alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptor agonist with sympathomimetic activity. Phenylpropanolamine (PPA) binds to and activates alpha- and beta-adrenergic receptors in the mucosa of the respiratory tract resulting in vasoconstriction and reduction in swelling of nasal mucous membranes and reduction in tissue hyperemia, edema, and nasal congestion. This agent also stimulates the release of norepinephrine from its storage sites resulting in the effects already described. Finally, PPA indirectly stimulates beta-receptors producing tachycardia and a positive inotropic effect.]
CRYBG1 wt Allele	NCIT_C54321	[Human CRYBG1 wild-type allele is located in the vicinity of 6q21 and is approximately 211 kb in length. This allele, which encodes beta/gamma crystallin domain-containing protein 1, plays a role in melanocyte differentiation and is a candidate tumor suppressor gene.]
Phytonadione	NCIT_C29365	[An analogue of the naphthoquinone vitamin K found in plants. The vitamins K are essential for blood coagulation as it is necessary for the hepatic synthesis of the coagulation factors II, VII, IX, and X; deficiency results in a bleeding diathesis. These vitamins are lipo-soluble; absorption via intestinal lymphatics requires the presence of bile salts. (NCI04)]
Vitamin K	NCIT_C943	[The term "vitamin K" refers to a group of chemically similar fat-soluble compounds called naphthoquinones: vitamin K1 (phytonadione) is found in plants and is the primary source of vitamin K for humans through dietary consumption, vitamin K2 compounds (menaquinones) are made by bacteria in the human gut, and vitamin K3 (menadione) is a water-soluble preparation available for adults only. Vitamin K is necessary for the liver to produce the coagulation factors II, VII, IX, and X, as well as the clotting factors protein C, protein S, and protein Z; vitamin K deficiency can result in deficiencies of these coagulation factors and excess bleeding. An injection of vitamin K is routinely given to newborn infants to prevent vitamin K deficiency bleeding, also known as hemorrhagic disease of the newborn. Vitamin K deficiency is rare in adults but may result from chronic malnutrition or an inability to absorb dietary vitamins.]
Serine/Threonine Kinase Inhibitor XL418	NCIT_C68963	[A selective, orally active small molecule, targeting protein kinase B (PKB or AKT) and ribosomal protein S6 Kinase (p70S6K), with potential antineoplastic activity. XL418 inhibits the activities of PKB and p70S6K, both acting downstream of phosphoinosotide-3 kinase (PI3K). These kinases are often upregulated in a variety of cancers. Inhibition of PKB by this agent will induce apoptosis, while inhibition of p70S6K will result in the inhibition of translation within tumor cells.]
AKT Inhibitor	NCIT_C155764	[Any agent that inhibits protein kinase B (AKT).]
Pimonidazole Hydrochloride	NCIT_C29366	[The hydrochloride salt form of pimonidazole, a hypoxia-selective 2-nitroimidazole with potential radiosensitizing activity. Pimonidazole is reduced in hypoxic environments such as those found in tumors. In hypoxic cells and tumors, reduced pimonidazole binds to thiol-containing proteins and glutathione. The resulting complexes accumulate in hypoxic tumors, deplete radioprotective thiol compounds, and cause the tumor to be more susceptible to radiation treatment.]
Radiosensitizing Agent	NCIT_C798	[An agent that makes tumor cells more sensitive to radiation therapy.]
Pioglitazone Hydrochloride	NCIT_C29367	[The hydrochloride salt of an orally-active thiazolidinedione with antidiabetic properties and potential antineoplastic activity. Pioglitazone activates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-gamma), a ligand-activated transcription factor, thereby inducing cell differentiation and inhibiting cell growth and angiogenesis. This agent also modulates the transcription of insulin-responsive genes, inhibits macrophage and monocyte activation, and stimulates adipocyte differentiation. (NCI05)]
Thiazolidinedione Antidiabetic Agent	NCIT_C98241	[Any antidiabetic agent with the glitazone (thiazolidinedione) base structure with antihyperglycemic activity. Glitazone antidiabetic agents selectively bind to and stimulate the nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) gamma. This results in the selective transcription of a number of insulin-sensitive genes involved in glucose metabolism. This eventually enhances insulin sensitivity, reduces insulin resistance and decreases hepatic gluconeogenesis. PPARs function as transcription factors that regulate expressions of genes involved in cellular differentiation, development, and metabolism (carbohydrate, lipid, protein), as well as tumorigenesis; PPARgamma is expressed at high levels in adipose tissue.]
Intravenous Solution Dosage Form	NCIT_C68965	[A solution composed of a homogenous liquid that contains active and/or inert ingredient(s) dissolved in a suitable solvent or mixture of mutually miscible solvents.]
Injectable Solution Dosage Form	NCIT_C42945	[A solution intended for injection.]
Podofilox	NCIT_C29368	[A pure, stabilized form of podophyllin, in which only the biologically active portion of the compound is present. Podophyllotoxin is a toxic, polycyclic antimitotic agent isolated primarily from the rhizome of the plant Podophyllum peltatum. This agent is formulated for topical applications. (NCI04)]
Colchicine-Site Binding Agent	NCIT_C67421	[An anti-mitotic compound that binds to the beta tubulin subunit at the N-terminal domain (within residues 1-41) and within residues 214-241. Agents binding at the colchicine site produce a conformational change in the protofilament structure which subsequently impairs the polymerization of tubulin dimers and thereby prevents the formation of microtubules. The subsequent decrease in the amount of formed microtubules causes disassembly of the mitotic spindle resulting from instability of the structure during the mitotic interphase, leading to cell cycle arrest and/or apoptosis.]
Frozen Premix Intravenous Piggyback Solution Dosage Form	NCIT_C68966	[A solution that is reconstituted from a frozen pre-mixed form intended for intravenous administration simultaneously with an established compatible maintenance infusion drug by a mutual intravenous access.]
Intravenous Piggyback Solution Dosage Form	NCIT_C68967	[A solution intended for intravenous administration simultaneously with an established compatible maintenance infusion drug by a mutual intravenous access.]
Citrate-containing Alkalinizing Agent	NCIT_C29369	[A combination of sodium citrate and potassium citrate with alkalizing and antiurolithic effects. Polycitra is metabolized to bicarbonates, thereby increasing urinary pH by increasing the excretion of free bicarbonate ions. A rise in urinary pH increases the solubility of cystine in the urine and the ionization of uric acid to more soluble urate ion. In addition, increased urinary citrate and pH decreases calcium ion activity by increasing calcium complexation to dissociated anions and thus decreasing the saturation of calcium oxalate. By increasing the level of plasma bicarbonate this agent also buffers excess hydrogen ion concentration and raises blood pH, thereby reversing the clinical manifestations of acidosis.]